Progress note 是病程記錄,在入院後的每一天書寫,紀錄當天的病程變化,也是 clerk 進醫院後被 assigned primary care 時主要書寫的病歷。
多數醫院在每週五需要撰寫 weekly note,整理患者一整週的治療過程。
常見的病歷架構有 SOAP、POMR 等,以下介紹在醫院撰寫 progress note 時最常使用的 SOAP 格式。
| 項目 | 內容 |
|---|---|
| S|Subjective | 病人主觀描述的症狀與感覺 |
| O|Objective | 新的客觀事實與檢查結果 |
| A|Assessment | 目前主要問題與病況變化 |
| P|Plan | 接下來準備進行的處置 |
S|Subjective
患者的主觀敘述。
舉凡以下內容,都可以寫在這裡:
- 昨晚睡不好
- 拉肚子
- 傷口痛
- 呼吸喘
- 拒絕開刀
- 新出現或持續存在的不適
詳細詢問方式可閱讀:如何 Pre-round 病人。
O|Objective
我們的客觀發現。
常見內容包括:
- 今天的 vital signs
- Physical examination
- New lab data
- Imaging reports
- Culture results
- Procedure findings
- 會診回覆
Progress Note PE 範例
General appearance: Acutely ill-looking.
Consciousness: Alert and oriented, GCS E4V5M6.
HEENT: Sclerae anicteric, conjunctivae not pale.
Neck: Supple, no lymphadenopathy, no jugular venous distention.
Chest: Symmetric chest expansion; coarse crackles over the RLL.
Heart: Regular rate and rhythm, no audible murmurs.
Abdomen: Soft and non-distended, without tenderness or rebound tenderness.
Extremities: No pitting edema or cyanosis; full range of motion.
A|Assessment
A 一直是整份 progress note 最 controversial 的部分,連主治醫師對於 A 的寫法也有不同看法,以下介紹兩種常見形式。
方法一:就是診斷
- 直接列出 diagnosis
- 常見於外科系主治醫師
Example
Community-acquired pneumonia
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hypertension
方法二:診斷+目前治療過程
除了寫 diagnosis,還要加入:
- 重要檢查
- 治療經過
- 目前病況
- 尚待確認的結果
- 問題目前是否改善或惡化
Example
1. Community-acquired pneumonia, with pulmonary aspergillosis to be ruled out
- Sputum Gram stain: GPB 1+, mold-like organism 1+
- Pending TB PCR and culture results
- Antibiotic treatment with Brosym(6/3– )and teicoplanin(6/10– )
- Oral voriconazole since 6/9
- S/p bronchoscopy on 6/14
Assessment 的具體寫法可能因科別、主治醫師及院內習慣而不同。
P|Plan
寫下 ongoing 或接下來準備進行的處置。
常見可以分成:
Diagnostic Plan
- Follow-up laboratory data
- Follow-up culture results
- Follow-up imaging
- Arrange further examination
- Await pathology or procedure results
Therapeutic Plan
- Continue current medications
- Adjust antibiotics
- IV fluid
- Oxygen therapy
- Pain control
- Wound care
- Arrange operation or procedure
- Rehabilitation or nutritional support
Educational Plan
- Explain the disease condition
- Discuss treatment options
- Medication education
- Diet and lifestyle education
- Shared decision-making
Follow-up Plan
- Observe treatment response
- Follow consultant recommendations
- Monitor vital signs
- Monitor intake and output
- Reassess symptoms and physical findings